Remove data callbacks in connection and digipeater modules

Interval suggests a regular timing structure which is not intended in this
construct and therefore is misleading.

impl/setup_tundev.sh

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ HOSTID="$1"
 
 DEV=hamnet70
 
-sudo ip tuntap add dev $DEV mode tun user $(whoami)
+sudo ip tuntap add dev $DEV mode tun pi user $(whoami)
 sudo ip link set dev $DEV txqueuelen 16  # default is 500
 sudo ip link set dev $DEV up
 sudo ip address add dev $DEV fd73::$HOSTID/64

impl/src/layer2/connection.c

@@ -1,15 +1,26 @@
+#include "layer2/packet_structs.h"
 #include <string.h>
 #include <assert.h>
 
+#define LOGGER_MODULE_NAME "conn"
+#include "logger.h"
+
 #include "connection.h"
 
 #include "config.h"
 #include "layer2/ham64.h"
+#include "layer2/packet_queue.h"
 #include "results.h"
+#include "utils.h"
 
 #define SEQ_NR_MASK 0xF
 
-result_t connection_init(connection_ctx_t *ctx, const ham64_t *my_addr, const ham64_t *peer_addr)
+result_t connection_init(
+		connection_ctx_t *ctx,
+		const ham64_t *my_addr,
+		const ham64_t *peer_addr,
+		connection_event_callback_t event_cb,
+		void *user_ctx)
 {
 	ctx->last_acked_seq = 0;
 	ctx->next_expected_seq = 0;
@@ -21,6 +32,35 @@ result_t connection_init(connection_ctx_t *ctx, const ham64_t *my_addr, const ha
 	ctx->my_addr = *my_addr;
 	ctx->peer_addr = *peer_addr;
 
+	ctx->event_cb = event_cb;
+
+	uint64_t now = get_hires_time();
+	ctx->last_rx_time = now;
+	ctx->retransmit_time = 0;
+
+	ctx->user_context = user_ctx;
+
+	// calculate IPv6 address
+	struct in6_addr net_addr;
+	inet_pton(AF_INET6, IPV6_NET, &net_addr);
+
+	memset(ctx->peer_ipv6_addr.s6_addr, 0, sizeof(ctx->peer_ipv6_addr));
+	memcpy(ctx->peer_ipv6_addr.s6_addr, net_addr.s6_addr, 8); // copy the network part
+
+	// fill the host part from the peer’s ham64 address. The bytes are filled in
+	// reverse order to make the „readable“ IPv6 address as short as possible.
+	for(uint8_t i = 0; i < peer_addr->length; i++) {
+		ctx->peer_ipv6_addr.s6_addr[15 - 2*i] = (peer_addr->addr[i] >> 8) & 0xFF;
+		ctx->peer_ipv6_addr.s6_addr[14 - 2*i] = (peer_addr->addr[i] >> 0) & 0xFF;
+	}
+
+	// print the address for debugging
+	char ipv6_str[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
+	char ham64_str[HAM64_FMT_MAX_LEN];
+	ham64_format(peer_addr, ham64_str);
+	inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &ctx->peer_ipv6_addr, ipv6_str, sizeof(ipv6_str));
+	LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "IPv6 address assigned to %s is %s.", ham64_str, ipv6_str);
+
 	ctx->conn_state = CONN_STATE_INITIALIZED;
 
 	return OK;
@@ -38,7 +78,7 @@ void connection_destroy(connection_ctx_t *ctx)
 }
 
 
-result_t connection_handle_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, const uint8_t *buf, size_t buf_len)
+result_t connection_handle_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, const uint8_t *buf, size_t buf_len, layer2_data_packet_t *data_packet)
 {
 	// check the connection state
 	switch(ctx->conn_state) {
@@ -71,17 +111,9 @@ result_t connection_handle_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, const uint8_t *buf, siz
 	}
 
 	// check if the packet really should be handled by us
-	if(!ham64_is_equal(&header.src_addr, &ctx->peer_addr)) {
-		char fmt_src_addr[HAM64_FMT_MAX_LEN];
-		char fmt_peer_addr[HAM64_FMT_MAX_LEN];
-
-		ham64_format(&header.src_addr, fmt_src_addr);
-		ham64_format(&ctx->peer_addr, fmt_peer_addr);
-
-		LOG(LVL_ERR, "Packet has the wrong source address: got %s, expected %s",
-				fmt_src_addr, fmt_peer_addr);
-
-		return ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS;
+	if(ham64_is_equal(&ctx->my_addr, &header.src_addr)) {
+		LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Packet is from ourselves. Ignored.");
+		return OK;
 	}
 
 	if(!ham64_is_equal(&header.dst_addr, &ctx->my_addr)) {
@@ -97,50 +129,96 @@ result_t connection_handle_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, const uint8_t *buf, siz
 		return ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS;
 	}
 
+	size_t header_size = layer2_get_encoded_header_size(&header);
+
+	const uint8_t *payload = buf + header_size;
+	size_t payload_len = packet_size - header_size;
+
+	return connection_handle_packet_prechecked(ctx, &header, payload, payload_len, data_packet);
+}
+
+result_t connection_handle_packet_prechecked(
+		connection_ctx_t *ctx,
+		const layer2_packet_header_t *header,
+		const uint8_t *payload, size_t payload_len,
+		layer2_data_packet_t *data_packet)
+{
+	data_packet->payload_type = L2_PAYLOAD_TYPE_INVALID;
+	data_packet->payload_len = 0;
+
+	// check the connection state
+	switch(ctx->conn_state) {
+		case CONN_STATE_UNINITIALIZED:
+		case CONN_STATE_INITIALIZED:
+		case CONN_STATE_CLOSED:
+			LOG(LVL_ERR, "Trying to pass packet to connection in state %u", ctx->conn_state);
+			return ERR_INVALID_STATE;
+
+		case CONN_STATE_CONNECTING:
+		case CONN_STATE_ESTABLISHED:
+			// in these states, packets can be handled
+			break;
+	}
+
+	// check if this packet is from our designated peer
+	if(!ham64_is_equal(&header->src_addr, &ctx->peer_addr)) {
+		char fmt_src_addr[HAM64_FMT_MAX_LEN];
+		char fmt_peer_addr[HAM64_FMT_MAX_LEN];
+
+		ham64_format(&header->src_addr, fmt_src_addr);
+		ham64_format(&ctx->peer_addr, fmt_peer_addr);
+
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "Packet has the wrong source address: got %s, expected %s",
+				fmt_src_addr, fmt_peer_addr);
+
+		return ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS;
+	}
+
 	LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Handling %s packet with rx_seq_nr %u, tx_seq_nr %u.",
-			layer2_msg_type_to_string(header.msg_type), header.rx_seq_nr, header.tx_seq_nr);
+			layer2_msg_type_to_string(header->msg_type), header->rx_seq_nr, header->tx_seq_nr);
 
-	ctx->last_acked_seq = header.rx_seq_nr;
+	ctx->last_acked_seq = header->rx_seq_nr;
 
 
-	switch(header.msg_type) {
+	switch(header->msg_type) {
 		case L2_MSG_TYPE_EMPTY:
 			LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Empty packet: accepted ACK for %u.", ctx->last_acked_seq);
-			return OK; // do not ACK and call back
+			// handle the acknowledgement internally
+			connection_handle_ack(ctx, header->rx_seq_nr, false);
+			return OK; // do not ACK
 
 		case L2_MSG_TYPE_CONN_MGMT:
 		case L2_MSG_TYPE_CONNECTIONLESS:
-			LOG(LVL_WARN, "Message type %s is not implemented yet.", layer2_msg_type_to_string(header.msg_type));
+			LOG(LVL_WARN, "Message type %s is not implemented yet.", layer2_msg_type_to_string(header->msg_type));
 			return OK;
 
 		case L2_MSG_TYPE_DATA:
 			break;
 
 		default:
-			LOG(LVL_ERR, "Invalid message type %d.", header.msg_type);
+			LOG(LVL_ERR, "Invalid message type %d.", header->msg_type);
 			return ERR_INVALID_STATE;
 	}
 
-	if(ctx->next_expected_seq != header.tx_seq_nr) {
-		LOG(LVL_ERR, "Expected sequence number %u, received %u.", ctx->next_expected_seq, header.tx_seq_nr);
+	if(ctx->next_expected_seq != header->tx_seq_nr) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "Expected sequence number %u, received %u.", ctx->next_expected_seq, header->tx_seq_nr);
 		return ERR_SEQUENCE;
 	}
 
 	ctx->next_expected_seq++;
 	ctx->next_expected_seq &= 0xF;
 
-	LOG(LVL_INFO, "Received ACK for seq_nr %u in packet seq_nr %u.", header.rx_seq_nr, header.tx_seq_nr);
+	ctx->last_rx_time = get_hires_time();
+
+	LOG(LVL_INFO, "Received ACK for seq_nr %u in packet seq_nr %u.", header->rx_seq_nr, header->tx_seq_nr);
 
 	// handle the acknowledgement internally
-	connection_handle_ack(ctx, header.rx_seq_nr);
+	connection_handle_ack(ctx, header->rx_seq_nr, true);
 
-	size_t header_size = layer2_get_encoded_header_size(&header);
-
-	// extract the payload and forward it to the tun device
-	const uint8_t *payload = buf + header_size;
-	size_t payload_len = packet_size - header_size;
-
-	ctx->data_cb(ctx, payload, payload_len);
+	// pass the decoded data back to the user
+	data_packet->payload_type = payload[0];
+	data_packet->payload      = payload + 1;
+	data_packet->payload_len  = payload_len - 1;
 
 	return OK;
 }
@@ -209,6 +287,12 @@ result_t connection_enqueue_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t *buf, size_t b
 }
 
 
+bool connection_can_enqueue_packet(const connection_ctx_t *ctx)
+{
+	return packet_queue_get_free_space(&ctx->packet_queue) > 0;
+}
+
+
 result_t connection_add_empty_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, bool tx_request)
 {
 	// check the connection state
@@ -227,10 +311,8 @@ result_t connection_add_empty_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, bool tx_request)
 
 	layer2_packet_header_t header;
 
-	header.dst_addr.addr[0] = 0xFFFF;
-	header.dst_addr.length = 1;
-	header.src_addr.addr[0] = 0x0001;
-	header.src_addr.length = 1;
+	header.dst_addr = ctx->peer_addr;
+	header.src_addr = ctx->my_addr;
 	header.msg_type = L2_MSG_TYPE_EMPTY;
 	header.rx_seq_nr = 0; // will be filled in layer2_tx_encode_next_packet()
 	header.tx_seq_nr = 0; // not used in empty packets
@@ -244,7 +326,56 @@ result_t connection_add_empty_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, bool tx_request)
 }
 
 
-size_t connection_encode_next_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t ack_seq_nr, uint8_t *buf, size_t buf_len)
+result_t connection_send_parameters(connection_ctx_t *ctx)
+{
+	// check the connection state
+	switch(ctx->conn_state) {
+		case CONN_STATE_UNINITIALIZED:
+		case CONN_STATE_CLOSED:
+		case CONN_STATE_CONNECTING:
+		case CONN_STATE_ESTABLISHED:
+			LOG(LVL_ERR, "Trying to send connection parameters in state %u", ctx->conn_state);
+			return ERR_INVALID_STATE;
+
+		case CONN_STATE_INITIALIZED:
+			// in these states, packets can be handled
+			break;
+	}
+
+	layer2_packet_header_t header;
+
+	header.dst_addr = ctx->peer_addr;
+	header.src_addr = ctx->my_addr;
+	header.msg_type = L2_MSG_TYPE_CONN_MGMT;
+	header.rx_seq_nr = 0; // will be filled in layer2_tx_encode_next_packet()
+	header.tx_seq_nr = ctx->next_seq_nr;
+	header.tx_request = 1;
+
+	size_t payload_len = 1;
+	uint8_t *payload = malloc(payload_len);
+	if(!payload) {
+		return ERR_NO_MEM;
+	}
+
+	payload[0] = CONN_MGMT_TYPE_CONNECTION_PARAMETERS;
+
+	// TODO: calculate IP addresses from client’s HAM64 address
+
+	if (!packet_queue_add(&ctx->packet_queue, &header, payload, payload_len)) {
+		return ERR_NO_MEM;
+	}
+
+	ctx->next_seq_nr++;
+	ctx->next_seq_nr &= SEQ_NR_MASK;
+
+	// connection is considered established after the connection parameters are sent.
+	ctx->conn_state = CONN_STATE_ESTABLISHED;
+
+	return OK;
+}
+
+
+size_t connection_encode_next_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t *buf, size_t buf_len, bool *end_burst)
 {
 	// check the connection state
 	switch(ctx->conn_state) {
@@ -252,7 +383,7 @@ size_t connection_encode_next_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t ack_seq_nr,
 		case CONN_STATE_INITIALIZED:
 		case CONN_STATE_CLOSED:
 			LOG(LVL_ERR, "Trying to encode packet in inactive state %u", ctx->conn_state);
-			return ERR_INVALID_STATE;
+			return 0;
 
 		case CONN_STATE_CONNECTING:
 		case CONN_STATE_ESTABLISHED:
@@ -267,32 +398,21 @@ size_t connection_encode_next_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t ack_seq_nr,
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	unsigned int crc_size = crc_sizeof_key(PAYLOAD_CRC_SCHEME);
-
-	assert(buf_len >= LAYER2_PACKET_HEADER_ENCODED_SIZE_MAX + crc_size + entry->data_len);
-
 	layer2_packet_header_t header = entry->header;
-	header.rx_seq_nr = ack_seq_nr;
+	header.rx_seq_nr = ctx->next_expected_seq;
 
 	// encode the header
 	LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Encoding packet with rx_seq_nr %u, tx_seq_nr %u.", header.rx_seq_nr, header.tx_seq_nr);
 
-	size_t packet_size = layer2_encode_packet_header(&header, buf);
-
-	// add the payload data
-	if(entry->data) {
-		memcpy(buf + packet_size, entry->data, entry->data_len);
+	size_t packet_size = layer2_encode_packet(&header, entry->data, entry->data_len, buf, buf_len);
+	if(packet_size == 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "Buffer too small for encoded packet!");
+		return 0;
 	}
 
-	packet_size += entry->data_len;
-
-	// calculate CRC of everything and append it to the packet
-	crc_append_key(PAYLOAD_CRC_SCHEME, buf, packet_size);
-
-	packet_size += crc_size;
-
 	ctx->next_packet_index++;
 
+	*end_burst = header.tx_request;
 	return packet_size;
 }
 
@@ -318,7 +438,7 @@ void connection_tx_clean_empty_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx)
 }
 
 
-void connection_handle_ack(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t acked_seq)
+void connection_handle_ack(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t acked_seq, bool do_ack)
 {
 	// check the connection state
 	switch(ctx->conn_state) {
@@ -334,8 +454,6 @@ void connection_handle_ack(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t acked_seq)
 			break;
 	}
 
-	ctx->next_packet_index = 0;
-
 	size_t packets_to_remove = 0;
 	size_t packets_available = packet_queue_get_used_space(&ctx->packet_queue);
 
@@ -349,13 +467,23 @@ void connection_handle_ack(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t acked_seq)
 		packets_to_remove++;
 	}
 
-	packet_queue_delete(&ctx->packet_queue, packets_to_remove);
+	if(packets_to_remove != 0) {
+		packet_queue_delete(&ctx->packet_queue, packets_to_remove);
 
-	packets_available = packet_queue_get_used_space(&ctx->packet_queue);
+		// send the next requested packet (all previous ones were deleted above).
+		assert(ctx->next_packet_index >= packets_to_remove);
+		ctx->next_packet_index -= packets_to_remove;
 
-	LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "handling ack for seq_nr %u, removing %zu packets, %zu packets remaining.", acked_seq, packets_to_remove, packets_available);
+		packets_available = packet_queue_get_used_space(&ctx->packet_queue);
 
-	if(packets_available == 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "handling ack for seq_nr %u, removed %zu packets, %zu packets remaining.", acked_seq, packets_to_remove, packets_available);
+
+		ctx->retransmit_time = get_hires_time() + HRTIME_MS(RETRANSMIT_TIMEOUT_MS);
+	} else {
+		LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "duplicate ACK for seq_nr %u", acked_seq);
+	}
+
+	if(do_ack && packets_available == 0) {
 		// no packets left in queue, but an acknowledgement must be
 		// transmitted. Add an empty packet to do that.
 		result_t res = connection_add_empty_packet(ctx, false);
@@ -373,3 +501,52 @@ bool connection_can_transmit(const connection_ctx_t *ctx)
 	return (packet_queue_get_used_space(&ctx->packet_queue) != 0)
 		&& (packet_queue_get(&ctx->packet_queue, ctx->next_packet_index) != NULL);
 }
+
+
+bool connection_is_closed(const connection_ctx_t *ctx)
+{
+	switch(ctx->conn_state) {
+		case CONN_STATE_UNINITIALIZED:
+		case CONN_STATE_INITIALIZED:
+		case CONN_STATE_CLOSED:
+			return true;
+
+		case CONN_STATE_CONNECTING:
+		case CONN_STATE_ESTABLISHED:
+			return false;
+	}
+}
+
+
+result_t connection_maintain(connection_ctx_t *ctx)
+{
+	uint64_t now = get_hires_time();
+
+	if(now > ctx->last_rx_time + HRTIME_MS(CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_MS)) {
+		LOG(LVL_INFO, "Connection timed out.");
+		ctx->conn_state = CONN_STATE_CLOSED;
+		ctx->event_cb(ctx, CONN_EVT_TIMEOUT, ctx->user_context);
+		return OK;
+	}
+
+	if(ctx->retransmit_time != 0 && now >= ctx->retransmit_time) {
+		LOG(LVL_INFO, "Retransmit triggered.");
+		ctx->retransmit_time = 0;
+		connection_restart_tx(ctx);
+		ctx->event_cb(ctx, CONN_EVT_RETRANSMIT, ctx->user_context);
+	}
+
+	return OK;
+}
+
+
+bool connection_has_ipv6_peer_address(connection_ctx_t *ctx, const uint8_t *address_to_check)
+{
+	for(size_t i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+		if(address_to_check[i] != ctx->peer_ipv6_addr.s6_addr[i]) {
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}

impl/src/layer2/connection.h

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
 
 #include "packet_queue.h"
 
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+
 struct connection_ctx_s;
 
 typedef enum {
@@ -24,17 +26,24 @@ typedef enum {
 	CONN_STATE_CLOSED         //!< Connection has been closed (gracefully or by timeout)
 } connection_state_t;
 
-/*!\brief Type for a callback function that is called when a data packet was received. */
-typedef void (*connection_data_callback_t)(struct connection_ctx_s *conn, const uint8_t *data, size_t len);
+typedef enum {
+	CONN_EVT_TIMEOUT,    //!< The connection timed out because no packets were received
+	CONN_EVT_RETRANSMIT, //!< Packet queue transmission is restarted
+} connection_evt_t;
+
+/*!\brief Type for a callback function that is called on various connection events. */
+typedef void (*connection_event_callback_t)(struct connection_ctx_s *conn, connection_evt_t evt, void *user_ctx);
 
 typedef struct connection_ctx_s {
 	connection_state_t conn_state; //!< State of the connection.
 
-	connection_data_callback_t data_cb; //!< Callback function for received data packets.
+	connection_event_callback_t event_cb; //!< Callback function for event signalling.
 
 	ham64_t my_addr;             //!< The local link layer address.
 	ham64_t peer_addr;           //!< The link layer address of the peer.
 
+	struct in6_addr peer_ipv6_addr;  //!< The peer’s IPv6 address (generated from LL address)
+
 	uint8_t last_acked_seq;      //!< Next sequence number expected by the peer (from last Ack).
 	uint8_t next_expected_seq;   //!< Next sequence number expected by us.
 
@@ -42,6 +51,11 @@ typedef struct connection_ctx_s {
 
 	size_t next_packet_index;    //!< Index in the packet queue of the next packet to transmit.
 	uint8_t next_seq_nr;         //!< Sequence number to tag the next transmitted packet with.
+
+	uint64_t retransmit_time;    //!< Time when a retransmit shall be triggered.
+	uint64_t last_rx_time;       //!< Time when a packet was last received and decoded.
+
+	void *user_context;          //!< An arbitrary pointer that can set by the user.
 } connection_ctx_t;
 
 
@@ -50,9 +64,16 @@ typedef struct connection_ctx_s {
  * \param ctx       The connection context to initialize.
  * \param my_addr   The local link layer address.
  * \param peer_addr The remote link layer address.
+ * \param event_cb  Callback for connection events.
+ * \param user_ctx  User context pointer (for arbitrary data).
  * \returns OK if everything worked or a fitting error code.
  */
-result_t connection_init(connection_ctx_t *ctx, const ham64_t *my_addr, const ham64_t *peer_addr);
+result_t connection_init(
+		connection_ctx_t *ctx,
+		const ham64_t *my_addr,
+		const ham64_t *peer_addr,
+		connection_event_callback_t event_cb,
+		void *user_ctx);
 
 /*!\brief Destroy the given layer 2 connection context.
  */
@@ -60,12 +81,37 @@ void connection_destroy(connection_ctx_t *ctx);
 
 /*!\brief Handle a received packet.
  *
- * \param ctx         The connection context.
- * \param buf         Pointer to the packet data.
- * \param buf_len     Length of the packet.
+ * \param[inout] ctx           The connection context.
+ * \param[in]    buf           Pointer to the packet data.
+ * \param[in]    buf_len       Length of the packet.
+ * \param[out]   data_packet   Structure will be filled with a received data packet.
  * \returns           A result code from the packet handling procedure.
  */
-result_t connection_handle_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, const uint8_t *buf, size_t buf_len);
+result_t connection_handle_packet(
+		connection_ctx_t *ctx,
+		const uint8_t *buf,
+		size_t buf_len,
+		layer2_data_packet_t *data_packet);
+
+/*!\brief Handle a received packet where the header has already been decoded.
+ *
+ * This function assumes that the following basic checks were already done:
+ * - CRC is correct
+ * - Header can be decoded
+ * - Destination address is the local address
+ *
+ * \param[inout] ctx           The connection context.
+ * \param[in]    header        Pointer to the decoded header structure.
+ * \param[in]    payload       Pointer to the payload data.
+ * \param[in]    payload_len   Length of the payload data.
+ * \param[out]   data_packet   Structure will be filled with a received data packet.
+ * \returns           A result code from the packet handling procedure.
+ */
+result_t connection_handle_packet_prechecked(
+		connection_ctx_t *ctx,
+		const layer2_packet_header_t *header,
+		const uint8_t *payload, size_t payload_len,
+		layer2_data_packet_t *data_packet);
 
 /*!\brief Return the sequence number expected next by our side.
  */
@@ -80,12 +126,25 @@ uint8_t connection_get_last_acked_seq(const connection_ctx_t *ctx);
  */
 result_t connection_enqueue_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t *buf, size_t buf_len);
 
+/*!\brief Check if there is free space in the TX packet queue.
+ * \param ctx       The connection context.
+ */
+bool connection_can_enqueue_packet(const connection_ctx_t *ctx);
+
 /*!\brief Add an empty packet to ensure an acknowledgement is sent.
  * \param ctx         The connection context.
  * \param tx_request  Value of the TX Request field in the packet.
  */
 result_t connection_add_empty_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, bool tx_request);
 
+/*!\brief Send connection parameters.
+ *
+ * This packet accepts an incoming connection request.
+ *
+ * \param ctx         The connection context.
+ */
+result_t connection_send_parameters(connection_ctx_t *ctx);
+
 /*!\brief Encode the next packet for transmission.
  *
  * \note
@@ -94,12 +153,12 @@ result_t connection_add_empty_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, bool tx_request);
  * called to handle retransmits correctly.
  *
  * \param ctx         The connection context.
- * \param ack_seq_nr  The received sequence number to send as an acknowledgement.
  * \param buf         Where to write the encoded packet data.
  * \param buf_len     Space available in the buffer.
+ * \param end_burst   Output parameter that is set to true if this is the last packet in a burst.
  * \returns           The number of bytes written to buf or zero if no packet was available.
  */
-size_t connection_encode_next_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t ack_seq_nr, uint8_t *buf, size_t buf_len);
+size_t connection_encode_next_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t *buf, size_t buf_len, bool *end_burst);
 
 /*!\brief Restart the transmission from the beginning of the packet queue.
  */
@@ -117,10 +176,27 @@ void connection_tx_clean_empty_packet(connection_ctx_t *ctx);
  * \param acked_seq The acknowledged (= next expected) sequence number.
  * \param do_ack    Whether an empty packet shall be generated if the queue is empty.
  */
-void connection_handle_ack(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t acked_seq);
+void connection_handle_ack(connection_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t acked_seq, bool do_ack);
 
 /*!\brief Check if there are packets queued for transmission.
  */
 bool connection_can_transmit(const connection_ctx_t *ctx);
 
+/*!\brief Check if this connection is closed.
+ */
+bool connection_is_closed(const connection_ctx_t *ctx);
+
+/*!\brief Handle internal maintenance tasks.
+ *
+ * This should be called periodically to handle timeouts and retransmissions.
+ */
+result_t connection_maintain(connection_ctx_t *ctx);
+
+/*!\brief Check if the given IPv6 peer address belongs to this connection.
+ *
+ * \param address_to_check   Pointer to the IPv6 address to check. Must point to 16 bytes of data.
+ * \returns True if this address is handled by this connection, false otherwise.
+ */
+bool connection_has_ipv6_peer_address(connection_ctx_t *ctx, const uint8_t *address_to_check);
+
 #endif // CONNECTION_H

impl/src/layer2/connection_list.c

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#include "connection_list.h"
+
+#include "layer2/connection.h"
+#include "results.h"
+
+#define SEQ_NR_MASK 0xF
+
+static void destroy_entry(connection_list_entry_t *entry)
+{
+	connection_destroy(&entry->connection);
+	free(entry);
+}
+
+// find the location where the timestamp should be inserted to maintain
+// ascending timestamp order and return the then-previous entry.
+//
+// If NULL is returned, the list is either empty or the entry should be
+// inserted before the head. This must be checked externally.
+static connection_list_entry_t* find_prev_for_timestamp(connection_list_t *list, uint64_t timestamp)
+{
+	if(!list->head) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if(timestamp < list->head->next_access_time) {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	connection_list_entry_t *prev = list->head;
+	while(prev->next) {
+		if(prev->next_access_time < timestamp
+				&& prev->next->next_access_time >= timestamp) {
+			// location found!
+			break;
+		}
+
+		prev = prev->next;
+	}
+
+	// either the correct location was found or prev now points to the last entry
+	// in the list.
+	return prev;
+}
+
+result_t connection_list_init(connection_list_t *list)
+{
+	list->head = NULL;
+	return OK;
+}
+
+
+void connection_list_destroy(connection_list_t *list)
+{
+	// delete all list entries
+	while(list->head) {
+		connection_list_entry_t *next = list->head->next;
+		destroy_entry(list->head);
+		list->head = next;
+	}
+}
+
+
+result_t connection_list_insert(connection_list_t *list, const connection_ctx_t *conn, uint64_t next_access_time)
+{
+	connection_list_entry_t *new_entry = malloc(sizeof(connection_list_entry_t));
+	if(!new_entry) {
+		return ERR_NO_MEM;
+	}
+
+	new_entry->connection = *conn;
+	new_entry->next_access_time = next_access_time;
+
+	connection_list_entry_t *prev = find_prev_for_timestamp(list, next_access_time);
+
+	if(!prev) {
+		// the new entry should become the list’s head (also works if the list is empty!)
+		new_entry->next = list->head;
+		list->head = new_entry;
+	} else {
+		// insert after prev
+		new_entry->next = prev->next;
+		prev->next = new_entry;
+	}
+
+	return OK;
+}
+
+
+connection_list_entry_t* connection_list_get_head(connection_list_t *list)
+{
+	return list->head;
+}
+
+
+result_t connection_list_reschedule_head(connection_list_t *list, uint64_t next_access_timestamp)
+{
+	if(!list->head) {
+		return ERR_INVALID_STATE;
+	}
+
+	if(!list->head->next) {
+		// nothing to do because there is only one entry.
+		return OK;
+	}
+
+	if(next_access_timestamp < list->head->next->next_access_time) {
+		// the head does not need to be moved because the new timestamp is still
+		// smaller than that of the second entry => only update the timestamp.
+		list->head->next_access_time = next_access_timestamp;
+		return OK;
+	}
+
+	// detach the entry from the list
+	connection_list_entry_t *reloc_entry = list->head;
+	list->head = list->head->next;
+
+	// find the location where the entry should be reinserted
+	connection_list_entry_t *prev = find_prev_for_timestamp(list, next_access_timestamp);
+
+	if(!prev) {
+		// the relocated entry should become the list’s head (also works if the list is empty!)
+		reloc_entry->next = list->head;
+		list->head = reloc_entry;
+	} else {
+		// insert after prev
+		reloc_entry->next = prev->next;
+		prev->next = reloc_entry;
+	}
+
+	return OK;
+}
+
+
+result_t connection_list_delete_head(connection_list_t *list)
+{
+	if(!list->head) {
+		return ERR_INVALID_STATE;
+	}
+
+	connection_list_entry_t *new_head = list->head->next;
+
+	destroy_entry(list->head);
+	list->head = new_head;
+
+	return OK;
+}
+
+
+result_t connection_list_delete_closed(connection_list_t *list)
+{
+	if(!list->head) {
+		return OK;
+	}
+
+	connection_list_entry_t *prev = NULL;
+	connection_list_entry_t *cur = list->head;
+
+	while(cur) {
+		if(connection_is_closed(&cur->connection)) {
+			connection_list_entry_t *to_delete = cur;
+			cur = cur->next;
+
+			if(prev) {
+				prev->next = to_delete->next;
+			} else {
+				list->head = to_delete->next;
+			}
+
+			destroy_entry(to_delete);
+		} else {
+			prev = cur;
+			cur = cur->next;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return OK;
+}
+
+
+result_t connection_list_enqueue_packet(connection_list_t *list, uint8_t *data, size_t data_len)
+{
+	if(data_len < 40) {
+		// packet not large enough for an IPv6 header
+		LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Packet size too small: %zu bytes given, 40 bytes needed.", data_len);
+		return ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+	}
+
+	uint8_t version = data[0] >> 4;
+	if(version != 6) {
+		LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "IP version (%i) is not 6.", version);
+		return ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+	}
+
+	uint8_t *dest_addr = data + 24;
+
+	// search the list for the destination address
+	connection_list_entry_t *ptr = list->head;
+
+	while(ptr) {
+		if(connection_has_ipv6_peer_address(&ptr->connection, dest_addr)) {
+			// found it!
+			break;
+		}
+
+		ptr = ptr->next;
+	}
+
+	if(!ptr) {
+		// address not found in any connection
+		return ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS;
+	}
+
+	return connection_enqueue_packet(&ptr->connection, data, data_len);
+}
+
+
+bool connection_list_can_enqueue_packet(connection_list_t *list)
+{
+	if(!list->head) {
+		return false; // no entries -> no free space
+	}
+
+	connection_list_entry_t *entry = list->head;
+
+	while(entry) {
+		if(!connection_can_enqueue_packet(&entry->connection)) {
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		entry = entry->next;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}

impl/src/layer2/connection_list.h

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/*
+ * This file contains functions to manage a list of layer 2 connections for
+ * scheduling purposes.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2024  Thomas Kolb
+ */
+
+#ifndef CONNECTION_LIST_H
+#define CONNECTION_LIST_H
+
+#include <results.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+#include "connection.h"
+
+typedef struct connection_list_entry_s {
+	uint64_t next_access_time; //!< When to next activate this connection
+	connection_ctx_t connection; //!< The actual connection entry
+
+	struct connection_list_entry_s *next; //!< pointer to the next list element
+} connection_list_entry_t;
+
+typedef struct connection_list_s {
+	connection_list_entry_t *head; //!< pointer to the first list element
+} connection_list_t;
+
+
+/*!\brief Initialize a connection list.
+ *
+ * \param list      The list to initialize.
+ * \returns OK if everything worked or a fitting error code.
+ */
+result_t connection_list_init(connection_list_t *list);
+
+/*!\brief Destroy the given layer 2 connection list, deleting all internal data.
+ */
+void connection_list_destroy(connection_list_t *list);
+
+/*!\brief Insert a connection context into the list.
+ *
+ * The connection context will be copied internally. The original copy should
+ * no longer be used after the context was inserted into the list.
+ *
+ * \param list                Pointer to the list where the entry shall be inserted.
+ * \param conn                Pointer to the connection context.
+ * \param next_access_time    Timestamp when this connection should be activated.
+ * \returns OK if everything worked or a fitting error code.
+ */
+result_t connection_list_insert(connection_list_t *list, const connection_ctx_t *conn, uint64_t next_access_time);
+
+/*!\brief Get the head (first entry) of the list.
+ *
+ * \param list     Pointer to the list to access.
+ *
+ * \returns A pointer to the head entry or NULL if the list is empty.
+ */
+connection_list_entry_t* connection_list_get_head(connection_list_t *list);
+
+/*!\brief Re-schedule the current head entry.
+ *
+ * \param list                Pointer to the list to access.
+ * \param next_access_time    Timestamp when this connection should be activated again.
+ *
+ * \returns OK if everything worked or a fitting error code.
+ */
+result_t connection_list_reschedule_head(connection_list_t *list, uint64_t next_access_timestamp);
+
+/*!\brief Delete the current head entry.
+ *
+ * \param list                Pointer to the list to access.
+ *
+ * \returns OK if everything worked or a fitting error code.
+ */
+result_t connection_list_delete_head(connection_list_t *list);
+
+/*!\brief Delete all connections that are in a closed state.
+ *
+ * \param list                Pointer to the list to clean.
+ *
+ * \returns OK if everything worked or a fitting error code.
+ */
+result_t connection_list_delete_closed(connection_list_t *list);
+
+/*!\brief Insert a packet in the appropriate connection’s queue.
+ *
+ * The appropriate connection is selected by extracting the destination IP
+ * address from the packet and comparing it to the peer address of the
+ * connection.
+ *
+ * \param list         Pointer to the connection list to operate on.
+ * \param packet       Pointer to the raw packet data (no TUNTAP header!).
+ * \param packet_len   Length of the packet data.
+ *
+ * \retval OK if the packet was inserted.
+ * \retval ERR_NO_MEM if the target queue was full.
+ * \retval ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS if the destination address does not match any connection.
+ * \retval ERR_INVALID_PARAM if the packet format is not supported.
+ */
+result_t connection_list_enqueue_packet(connection_list_t *list, uint8_t *data, size_t data_len);
+
+/*!\brief Determine if a packet can be enqueued in all queues.
+ *
+ * \returns False if any queue is full, true otherwise.
+ */
+bool connection_list_can_enqueue_packet(connection_list_t *list);
+
+#endif // CONNECTION_LIST_H

impl/src/layer2/digipeater.c

@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#define LOGGER_MODULE_NAME "digi"
+#include "logger.h"
+
+#include "digipeater.h"
+
+#include "config.h"
+#include "layer2/connection.h"
+#include "layer2/connection_list.h"
+#include "layer2/ham64.h"
+#include "layer2/packet_structs.h"
+#include "layer2/packet_queue.h"
+#include "results.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+
+void conn_event_cb(struct connection_ctx_s *conn, connection_evt_t evt, void *user_ctx)
+{
+	(void)conn;
+	digipeater_ctx_t *digi_ctx = user_ctx;
+
+	switch(evt) {
+		case CONN_EVT_TIMEOUT:
+			// connection has been closed by timeout -> clean up the list
+			connection_list_delete_closed(&digi_ctx->conn_list);
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			// do nothing
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+static result_t digipeater_handle_beacon_responses(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx, const layer2_packet_header_t *header, const uint8_t *buf, size_t buf_len)
+{
+	LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Handling beacon response packet.");
+	layer2_dump_packet_header(LVL_DUMP, header);
+
+	if(header->msg_type != L2_MSG_TYPE_CONN_MGMT) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "Beacon response with invalid message type %i", header->msg_type);
+		return ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+	}
+
+	if(buf_len == 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "Missing payload in beacon response");
+		return ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+	}
+
+	uint8_t conn_mgmt_type = buf[0];
+
+	if(conn_mgmt_type != CONN_MGMT_TYPE_CONNECTION_REQUEST) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "Unexpected connection management type in beacon response: 0x%02x", conn_mgmt_type);
+		return ERR_INVALID_PARAM;
+	}
+
+	// packet is valid -> create a new connection, enqueue the parameters message
+	// and add it at the beginning of the connection list.
+
+	connection_ctx_t new_conn;
+	ERR_CHECK(connection_init(&new_conn, &ctx->my_addr, &header->src_addr, conn_event_cb, ctx));
+
+	ERR_CHECK(connection_send_parameters(&new_conn));
+
+	uint64_t now = get_hires_time();
+	ERR_CHECK(connection_list_insert(&ctx->conn_list, &new_conn, now));
+
+	return OK;
+}
+
+
+static size_t encode_beacon_packet(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t *buf, size_t buf_len)
+{
+	// build a beacon packet
+	layer2_packet_header_t header;
+
+	ham64_t broadcast = {{0xFFFF, 0, 0, 0}, 1};
+
+	header.dst_addr = broadcast;
+	header.src_addr = ctx->my_addr;
+	header.msg_type = L2_MSG_TYPE_CONN_MGMT;
+	header.rx_seq_nr = 0; // unused
+	header.tx_seq_nr = 0; // unused
+	header.tx_request = 1;
+
+	uint8_t payload[1] = {CONN_MGMT_TYPE_BEACON};
+	return layer2_encode_packet(&header, payload, 1, buf, buf_len);
+}
+
+
+result_t digipeater_init(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx, const ham64_t *my_addr)
+{
+	ctx->my_addr = *my_addr;
+
+	ctx->state = DIGIPEATER_STATE_CONN;
+
+	packet_queue_init(&ctx->oneshot_queue);
+
+	uint64_t now = get_hires_time();
+	ctx->next_beacon_time = now + HRTIME_MS(BEACON_INTERVAL_MS);
+
+	ctx->cycle_end_time = now;
+
+	return connection_list_init(&ctx->conn_list);
+}
+
+
+void digipeater_destroy(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx)
+{
+	connection_list_destroy(&ctx->conn_list);
+}
+
+
+result_t digipeater_handle_packet(
+		digipeater_ctx_t *ctx,
+		const uint8_t *buf,
+		size_t buf_len,
+		layer2_data_packet_t *data_packet)
+{
+	data_packet->payload_type = L2_PAYLOAD_TYPE_INVALID;
+	data_packet->payload_len = 0;
+
+	// check the CRC
+	size_t packet_size = buf_len - crc_sizeof_key(PAYLOAD_CRC_SCHEME);
+
+	if(!crc_check_key(PAYLOAD_CRC_SCHEME, (unsigned char*)buf, packet_size)) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "CRC check failed!");
+		return ERR_INTEGRITY;
+	}
+
+	// decode the header
+	layer2_packet_header_t header;
+
+	if(!layer2_decode_packet_header(buf, buf_len, &header)) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "Header could not be decoded!");
+		return ERR_INTEGRITY;
+	}
+
+	layer2_dump_packet_header(LVL_DUMP, &header);
+
+	// check if the packet really should be handled by us
+	if(ham64_is_equal(&ctx->my_addr, &header.src_addr)) {
+		LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Packet is from ourselves. Ignored.");
+		return OK;
+	}
+
+	if(!ham64_is_equal(&header.dst_addr, &ctx->my_addr)) {
+		char fmt_dst_addr[HAM64_FMT_MAX_LEN];
+		char fmt_my_addr[HAM64_FMT_MAX_LEN];
+
+		ham64_format(&header.dst_addr, fmt_dst_addr);
+		ham64_format(&ctx->my_addr, fmt_my_addr);
+
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "Packet has the wrong destination address: got %s, expected %s",
+				fmt_dst_addr, fmt_my_addr);
+
+		return ERR_INVALID_ADDRESS;
+	}
+
+	// FIXME: handle connection management packets here (or somewhere else):
+	// - Disconnect Request
+
+	size_t header_size = layer2_get_encoded_header_size(&header);
+
+	const uint8_t *payload = buf + header_size;
+	size_t payload_len = packet_size - header_size;
+
+	result_t result = OK;
+
+	switch(ctx->state) {
+		case DIGIPEATER_STATE_CONN:
+			{
+				connection_list_entry_t *head = connection_list_get_head(&ctx->conn_list);
+				if(head) {
+					connection_ctx_t *current_conn = &head->connection;
+					result = connection_handle_packet_prechecked(
+							current_conn, &header, payload, payload_len, data_packet);
+				} else {
+					LOG(LVL_WARN, "Digipeater in CONN state, but there is no active connection! Packet dropped.");
+					result = OK;
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case DIGIPEATER_STATE_BEACON:
+			result = digipeater_handle_beacon_responses(ctx, &header, payload, payload_len);
+	}
+
+	// end the current cycle if tx_request is set in an incoming packet
+	if(header.tx_request) {
+		LOG(LVL_INFO, "TX Request was received. Ending current cycle.");
+		digipeater_end_cycle(ctx);
+	}
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+
+result_t digipeater_fill_packet_queues_from_tundev(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx, int tun_fd)
+{
+	// first check if any queue is already full, so we don't have to drop packets
+	// from the TUN device queue.
+	if(!connection_list_can_enqueue_packet(&ctx->conn_list)) {
+		LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "No free space in queues.");
+		return OK; // do nothing
+	}
+
+	struct pollfd pfd_tun;
+	memset(&pfd_tun, 0, sizeof(pfd_tun));
+
+	pfd_tun.fd = tun_fd;
+	pfd_tun.events = POLLIN;
+
+	while(true) {
+		int ret = poll(&pfd_tun, 1, 0 /* timeout */);
+		if(ret < 0) {
+			LOG(LVL_ERR, "poll: %s", strerror(errno));
+			return ERR_SYSCALL;
+		} else if(ret == 0) {
+			// no more packets
+			break;
+		} else {
+			// a packet is available -> read it
+			static const size_t packetbuf_size = 2048;
+			uint8_t packetbuf[packetbuf_size];
+			ret = read(tun_fd, packetbuf, packetbuf_size);
+			if(ret < 0) {
+				LOG(LVL_ERR, "read: %s", strerror(errno));
+				return ERR_SYSCALL;
+			} else if(ret == 0) {
+				// no more data, should not happen
+				break;
+			}
+
+			uint16_t flags = *(uint16_t*)packetbuf;
+			uint16_t proto = *((uint16_t*)packetbuf + 1);
+			LOG(LVL_DUMP, "TUN Flags: 0x%04x", flags);
+			LOG(LVL_DUMP, "TUN Proto: 0x%04x", proto);
+
+			switch(proto) {
+				case 0x86dd: // IPv6
+					ERR_CHECK(connection_list_enqueue_packet(&ctx->conn_list, packetbuf, ret));
+					break;
+
+				default:
+					LOG(LVL_WARN, "Unsupported Protocol 0x%04x. Packet dropped.", proto);
+					continue;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return OK;
+}
+
+
+size_t digipeater_encode_next_packet(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t *buf, size_t buf_len, bool *end_burst)
+{
+	size_t packet_size = 0;
+
+	*end_burst = false;
+
+	// send packets from the one-shot queue
+	const packet_queue_entry_t *queue_entry = packet_queue_get(&ctx->oneshot_queue, 0);
+	if(queue_entry) {
+		*end_burst = queue_entry->header.tx_request == 1;
+		packet_size = layer2_encode_packet(&queue_entry->header, queue_entry->data, queue_entry->data_len, buf, buf_len);
+		if(packet_size) {
+			packet_queue_delete(&ctx->oneshot_queue, 1);
+			return packet_size;
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch(ctx->state) {
+		case DIGIPEATER_STATE_BEACON:
+			packet_size = encode_beacon_packet(ctx, buf, buf_len);
+			*end_burst = true;
+			break;
+
+		case DIGIPEATER_STATE_CONN: {
+				// pull packets from the current connection
+				connection_list_entry_t *head = connection_list_get_head(&ctx->conn_list);
+				if(!head) {
+					return 0;
+				}
+
+				connection_ctx_t *conn = &head->connection;
+				if(connection_can_transmit(conn)) {
+					packet_size = connection_encode_next_packet(conn, buf, buf_len, end_burst);
+
+					ctx->state = DIGIPEATER_STATE_CONN;
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return packet_size;
+}
+
+
+bool digipeater_can_transmit(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx)
+{
+	uint64_t now = get_hires_time();
+
+	if(now > ctx->next_beacon_time) {
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	if(packet_queue_get_used_space(&ctx->oneshot_queue) != 0) {
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	connection_list_entry_t *head = connection_list_get_head(&ctx->conn_list);
+	if(head) {
+		return connection_can_transmit(&head->connection);
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+
+void digipeater_extend_cycle(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx, uint64_t ns)
+{
+	ctx->cycle_end_time += ns;
+}
+
+
+result_t digipeater_end_cycle(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx)
+{
+	uint64_t now = get_hires_time();
+
+	if(now >= ctx->next_beacon_time) {
+		ctx->next_beacon_time += HRTIME_MS(BEACON_INTERVAL_MS);
+		ctx->state = DIGIPEATER_STATE_BEACON;
+	} else {
+		// TODO: adjust the time based on connection activity; right now this results
+		// in round-robin scheduling
+		connection_list_reschedule_head(&ctx->conn_list, now + HRTIME_MS(MIN_INTERVAL_TIME_MS));
+
+		ctx->state = DIGIPEATER_STATE_CONN;
+		ctx->cycle_end_time = now + HRTIME_MS(MIN_INTERVAL_TIME_MS);
+	}
+
+	return OK;
+}
+
+
+result_t digipeater_maintain(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx)
+{
+	uint64_t now = get_hires_time();
+
+	if(now > ctx->cycle_end_time) {
+		// at the end of the cycle, the next connection is activated and the
+		// current one is re-scheduled.
+		LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Interval ended by timeout at %llu ns.", now);
+		digipeater_end_cycle(ctx);
+	}
+
+	switch(ctx->state) {
+		case DIGIPEATER_STATE_CONN:
+			{
+				connection_list_entry_t *head = connection_list_get_head(&ctx->conn_list);
+				if(!head) {
+					LOG(LVL_INFO, "No active connection -> force beacon state for packet handling.");
+					ctx->state = DIGIPEATER_STATE_BEACON;
+				} else {
+					ERR_CHECK(connection_maintain(&head->connection));
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+
+		case DIGIPEATER_STATE_BEACON:
+			// nothing to do here
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return OK;
+}

impl/src/layer2/digipeater.h

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*
+ * This file contains functions to handle a single layer 2 digipeater.
+ *
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2024  Thomas Kolb
+ */
+
+#ifndef DIGIPEATER_H
+#define DIGIPEATER_H
+
+#include <results.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+#include "connection_list.h"
+#include "layer2/packet_queue.h"
+
+struct digipeater_ctx_s;
+
+typedef enum {
+	DIGIPEATER_STATE_BEACON, //!< Beacon sent, waiting for connection requests
+	DIGIPEATER_STATE_CONN,   //!< Handling client connections
+} digipeater_state_t;
+
+typedef enum {
+	DIGIPEATER_EVT_INTERVAL_END, //!< The current cycle has ended and new packets should be transmitted.
+} digipeater_evt_t;
+
+/*!\brief Type for a callback function that is called when certain events occur. */
+typedef void (*digipeater_evt_callback_t)(struct digipeater_ctx_s *digi, digipeater_evt_t evt);
+
+typedef struct digipeater_ctx_s {
+	digipeater_state_t state; //!< Current operating state
+
+	digipeater_evt_callback_t event_cb; //!< Callback function for events.
+
+	ham64_t my_addr;             //!< The local link layer address.
+
+	packet_queue_t oneshot_queue; //!< Queue for packets that are sent once and connection-independent
+
+	uint64_t next_beacon_time;   //!< Absolute timestamp of the next beacon transmission.
+	uint64_t cycle_end_time;  //!< Absolute timestamp of the end of the current cycle.
+
+	connection_list_t conn_list; //!< List of connections.
+} digipeater_ctx_t;
+
+
+/*!\brief Initialize the digipeater context.
+ *
+ * \param ctx       The digipeater context to initialize.
+ * \param my_addr   The local link layer address.
+ * \returns OK if everything worked or a fitting error code.
+ */
+result_t digipeater_init(
+		digipeater_ctx_t *ctx,
+		const ham64_t *my_addr);
+
+/*!\brief Destroy the given digipeater context.
+ */
+void digipeater_destroy(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx);
+
+/*!\brief Handle a received packet.
+ *
+ * \param[inout] ctx           The digipeater context.
+ * \param[in]    buf           Pointer to the packet data.
+ * \param[in]    buf_len       Length of the packet.
+ * \param[out]   data_packet   Structure will be filled with a received data packet.
+ * \returns           A result code from the packet handling procedure.
+ */
+result_t digipeater_handle_packet(
+		digipeater_ctx_t *ctx,
+		const uint8_t *buf,
+		size_t buf_len,
+		layer2_data_packet_t *data_packet);
+
+/*!\brief Enqueue a packet for transmission.
+ * \param ctx       The digipeater context.
+ * \param tun_fd    File descriptor for an open TUN device.
+ */
+result_t digipeater_fill_packet_queues_from_tundev(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx, int tun_fd);
+
+/*!\brief Encode the next packet for transmission.
+ *
+ * \note
+ * If no packets are currently available for transmission, this function returns zero.
+ *
+ * \param ctx         The digipeater context.
+ * \param buf         Where to write the encoded packet data.
+ * \param buf_len     Space available in the buffer.
+ * \param end_burst   Set to true if this packet should end the current burst and start the transmission.
+ * \returns           The number of bytes written to buf or zero if no packet was available.
+ */
+size_t digipeater_encode_next_packet(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx, uint8_t *buf, size_t buf_len, bool *end_burst);
+
+/*!\brief Check if there are packets queued for transmission.
+ */
+bool digipeater_can_transmit(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx);
+
+/*!\brief Extend the current cycle.
+ *
+ * By default, the cycle duration is set to a minimum length. It must be
+ * extended by the time needed to transmit and receive packets. As the time
+ * necessary for packet transfer is unknown to the Layer 2, it must be
+ * calculated externally.
+ *
+ * This function should be called whenever
+ * - A packet is transmitted from digipeater_encode_next_packet(), or
+ * - A packet is being received
+ */
+void digipeater_extend_cycle(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx, uint64_t ns);
+
+/*!\brief End the current cycle.
+ *
+ * End the cycle without waiting for the timeout. This switches to the next
+ * connection or transmits a beacon. In any case, it stops forwarding received
+ * packets to the current connection.
+ */
+result_t digipeater_end_cycle(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx);
+
+/*!\brief Handle internal maintenance tasks.
+ *
+ * This should be called periodically to handle timeouts and retransmissions.
+ */
+result_t digipeater_maintain(digipeater_ctx_t *ctx);
+
+#endif // DIGIPEATER_H

impl/src/layer2/packet_structs.c

@@ -8,9 +8,13 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#include <liquid/liquid.h>
+
 #define LOGGER_MODULE_NAME "l2ps"
 #include "logger.h"
 
+#include "config.h"
+
 #include "packet_structs.h"
 
 
@@ -129,3 +133,36 @@ void layer2_dump_packet_header(int level, const layer2_packet_header_t *header)
 	}
 
 }
+
+
+size_t layer2_encode_packet(
+		const layer2_packet_header_t *header,
+		uint8_t *payload, size_t payload_len,
+		uint8_t *data_out, size_t data_out_len)
+{
+	unsigned int crc_size = crc_sizeof_key(PAYLOAD_CRC_SCHEME);
+
+	if(data_out_len < LAYER2_PACKET_HEADER_ENCODED_SIZE_MAX) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	size_t packet_size = layer2_encode_packet_header(header, data_out);
+
+	if(data_out_len < packet_size + crc_size + payload_len) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	// add the payload data
+	if(payload) {
+		memcpy(data_out + packet_size, payload, payload_len);
+	}
+
+	packet_size += payload_len;
+
+	// calculate CRC of everything and append it to the packet
+	crc_append_key(PAYLOAD_CRC_SCHEME, data_out, packet_size);
+
+	packet_size += crc_size;
+
+	return packet_size;
+}

impl/src/layer2/packet_structs.h

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ typedef struct layer2_packet_header_s {
 	ham64_t dst_addr;               //!< destination HAM-64 address
 } layer2_packet_header_t;
 
+
 // maximum header size
 // - 1 byte packet info
 // - 1 byte sequence numbers
@@ -74,6 +75,19 @@ bool layer2_decode_packet_header(const uint8_t *encoded, size_t encoded_len, lay
  */
 void layer2_dump_packet_header(int level, const layer2_packet_header_t *header);
 
+/*!\brief Encode a complete packet (with header and CRC)
+ * \param header       The header structure to encode.
+ * \param payload      The payload data to encode.
+ * \param payload_len  The length of the payload data.
+ * \param data_out     The buffer for the encoded packet data.
+ * \param data_out_len The size of the output buffer.
+ * \returns The number of bytes written to the output buffer or 0 if not enough space was available.
+ */
+size_t layer2_encode_packet(
+		const layer2_packet_header_t *header,
+		uint8_t *payload, size_t payload_len,
+		uint8_t *data_out, size_t data_out_len);
+
 /*!\brief Get a string representation of the given message type.
  */
 const char* layer2_msg_type_to_string(layer2_message_type_t type);
@@ -82,15 +96,36 @@ const char* layer2_msg_type_to_string(layer2_message_type_t type);
 
 typedef enum {
 	L2_PAYLOAD_TYPE_IPV4 = 0x00,
-	L2_PAYLOAD_TYPE_IPV6 = 0x01
+	L2_PAYLOAD_TYPE_IPV6 = 0x01,
+
+	L2_PAYLOAD_TYPE_INVALID = 0x7FFFFFFF
 } layer2_payload_type_t;
 
-typedef struct layer2_data_header_s {
+typedef struct layer2_data_packet_s {
 	layer2_payload_type_t payload_type; //!< Type of the contained layer 3 packet
-} layer2_data_header_t;
+
+	const uint8_t        *payload;      //!< Pointer to the payload data
+	size_t                payload_len;  //!< Length of the payload data
+} layer2_data_packet_t;
 
 /* Connection Management Structs */
 
-// TODO
+typedef enum {
+	CONN_MGMT_TYPE_BEACON                = 0x00,
+	CONN_MGMT_TYPE_CONNECTION_REQUEST    = 0x01,
+	CONN_MGMT_TYPE_CONNECTION_PARAMETERS = 0x02,
+	CONN_MGMT_TYPE_CONNECTION_RESET      = 0x03,
+	CONN_MGMT_TYPE_DISCONNECT_REQUEST    = 0x04,
+	CONN_MGMT_TYPE_DISCONNECT            = 0x05,
+} conn_mgmt_type_t;
+
+typedef enum {
+	CONN_PARAM_TYPE_IPV6_ADDRESS          = 0x00,
+	CONN_PARAM_TYPE_IPV6_GATEWAY          = 0x01,
+	CONN_PARAM_TYPE_IPV6_DNS              = 0x02,
+	CONN_PARAM_TYPE_IPV4_ADDRESS          = 0x08,
+	CONN_PARAM_TYPE_IPV4_GATEWAY          = 0x09,
+	CONN_PARAM_TYPE_IPV4_DNS              = 0x0A,
+} conn_param_type_t;
 
 #endif // PACKET_STRUCTS_H

impl/src/layer2/tundev.c

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ int tundev_open(char *dev)
 	struct ifreq ifr;
 	memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
 
-	ifr.ifr_flags = IFF_TUN | IFF_NO_PI;
+	ifr.ifr_flags = IFF_TUN;
 
 	strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, dev, IFNAMSIZ);
 

impl/src/main.c

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
 static int  m_tunfd = -1;
 static bool m_running = true;
 
-static double next_tx_switch_time = 0.0;
+static uint64_t next_tx_switch_time = 0;
 
 static rx_stats_t m_rx_stats;
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ static void signal_handler(int signal, siginfo_t *info, void *ctx)
 
 static void block_tx_for(unsigned offset_ms)
 {
-	next_tx_switch_time = get_hires_time() + (double)offset_ms * 0.001;
+	next_tx_switch_time = get_hires_time() + HRTIME_MS(offset_ms);
 }
 
 void print_complex_array(const char *varname, float complex const *array, size_t len)
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	bool on_air = true;
 
-	srand((int)(get_hires_time() * 1e6));
+	srand(get_hires_time());
 
 	// ** Initialize **
 
@@ -233,18 +233,18 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 	unsigned rx_retries = 0;
 
-	double old = get_hires_time();
+	uint64_t old = get_hires_time();
 	size_t total_samples = 0;
-	double next_stats_print_time = old + 0.5;
+	uint64_t next_stats_print_time = old + HRTIME_MS(500);
 
-	double retransmit_time = 0.0;
+	uint64_t retransmit_time = 0;
 
 	while(m_running) {
-		double now = get_hires_time();
+		uint64_t now = get_hires_time();
 
-		if(retransmit_time != 0.0 && now >= retransmit_time) {
+		if(retransmit_time != 0 && now >= retransmit_time) {
 			LOG(LVL_INFO, "Retransmit triggered.");
-			retransmit_time = 0.0;
+			retransmit_time = 0;
 			layer2_tx_restart(&l2tx);
 		}
 
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 				RESULT_CHECK(sdr_start_rx(&sdr));
 				on_air = false;
 
-				retransmit_time = get_hires_time() + 1.0 + 1.0 * rand() / RAND_MAX;
+				retransmit_time = get_hires_time() + HRTIME_SEC(1) + HRTIME_SEC(1.0 * rand() / RAND_MAX);
 
 				block_tx_for(TX_SWITCH_BACKOFF_AFTER_RX_ON);
 			}
@@ -360,9 +360,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 
 			total_samples += n_rf_samples;
 
-			double new = get_hires_time();
+			uint64_t new = get_hires_time();
 			if(new >= next_stats_print_time) {
-				double rate = total_samples / (new - old);
+				double rate = total_samples * 1e9 / (new - old);
 				LOG(LVL_INFO, "\nEstimated rate: %.3f MS/s", rate / 1e6);
 				LOG(LVL_INFO, "Receiver statistics:");
 				LOG(LVL_INFO, "  Preambles found:    %8zd", m_rx_stats.preambles_found);

impl/src/sdr/sdr.c

@@ -99,9 +99,9 @@ static int tx_callback(hackrf_transfer *transfer)
 		return HACKRF_ERROR_OTHER;
 	}
 
-	if(sdr_ctx->tx_start_time == 0.0) {
+	if(sdr_ctx->tx_start_time == 0) {
 		sdr_ctx->tx_start_time = get_hires_time();
-		sdr_ctx->tx_duration = 10e-3; // give a little headroom
+		sdr_ctx->tx_duration = HRTIME_MS(10); // give a little headroom
 		LOG(LVL_INFO, "TX time tracking reset: start = %.3f.", sdr_ctx->tx_start_time);
 	}
 
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ static int tx_callback(hackrf_transfer *transfer)
 
 	if(samples_read != 0) {
 		// only add time if any actual samples were transmitted
-		sdr_ctx->tx_duration += (double)samples_requested / SDR_TX_SAMPLING_RATE;
+		sdr_ctx->tx_duration += HRTIME_SEC((double)samples_requested / SDR_TX_SAMPLING_RATE);
 	}
 
 	LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "copied %u samples to HackRF.", samples_read);
@@ -377,8 +377,8 @@ result_t sdr_flush_tx_buffer(sdr_ctx_t *ctx)
 			return 0;
 		}
 
-		double now = get_hires_time();
-		double end = ctx->tx_start_time + ctx->tx_duration;
+		uint64_t now = get_hires_time();
+		uint64_t end = ctx->tx_start_time + ctx->tx_duration;
 
 		if(sem_post(&ctx->buf_sem) < 0) {
 			LOG(LVL_ERR, "sem_post: %s", strerror(errno));

impl/src/utils.c

@@ -76,11 +76,23 @@ err_close:
 	return false;
 }
 
-double get_hires_time(void)
+uint64_t get_hires_time(void)
 {
 	struct timespec clk;
 	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &clk);
-	return clk.tv_sec + 1e-9 * clk.tv_nsec;
+	return clk.tv_sec * 1000000000ULL + (uint64_t)clk.tv_nsec;
+}
+
+void sleep_until(uint64_t hires_time)
+{
+	struct timespec tv;
+	int ret;
+
+	tv.tv_sec = hires_time / 1000000000ULL;
+	tv.tv_nsec = hires_time % 1000000000ULL;
+	do {
+		ret = clock_nanosleep(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, TIMER_ABSTIME, &tv, NULL);
+	} while(ret == EINTR);
 }
 
 void fsleep(double d)
@@ -93,18 +105,6 @@ void fsleep(double d)
 	nanosleep(&ts, NULL);
 }
 
-void sleep_until(double hires_time)
-{
-	struct timespec tv;
-	int ret;
-
-	tv.tv_sec = hires_time;
-	tv.tv_nsec = (uint64_t)(1e9 * hires_time) % 1000000000;
-	do {
-		ret = clock_nanosleep(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, TIMER_ABSTIME, &tv, NULL);
-	} while(ret == EINTR);
-}
-
 void hexdump(const uint8_t *data, size_t len)
 {
 	static const char lut[16] = "0123456789ABCDEF";

impl/src/utils.h

@@ -11,6 +11,10 @@
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <liquid/liquid.h>
 
+#define HRTIME_US(x) ((uint64_t)(1000ULL * (x)))
+#define HRTIME_MS(x) ((uint64_t)(1000000ULL * (x)))
+#define HRTIME_SEC(x) ((uint64_t)(1000000000ULL * (x)))
+
 /*! Dump a array of complex numbers.
  *
  * \param data      Pointer to the data to dump.
@@ -30,9 +34,26 @@ bool dump_array_cf(const float complex *data, size_t n, float T, const char *fil
  */
 bool dump_array_f(const float *data, size_t n, float T, const char *filename);
 
-void sleep_until(double hires_time);
+
+/*! Sleep until the given absolute timestamp in ns.
+ *
+ * The current timestamp can be retrieved using \ref get_hires_time().
+ *
+ * \param hires_time     The resume timestamp in ns.
+ */
+void sleep_until(uint64_t hires_time);
+
+
+/*! Returns the current high-resulution timestamp.
+ *
+ * This timestamp comes from the CLOCK_MONOTONIC source and has no defined relation to the wall-clock time. It can be used to calculate intervals, though.
+ *
+ * \returns A timestamp in nanosecond resolution.
+ */
+uint64_t get_hires_time(void);
+
+
 void fsleep(double d);
-double get_hires_time(void);
 
 void hexdump(const uint8_t *data, size_t len);
 

impl/test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -222,3 +222,7 @@ target_link_libraries(
 	test_interleaver
 	m
 )
+
+#------------------------------------
+
+add_subdirectory(layer2_over_udp)

impl/test/layer2_over_udp/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+add_executable(
+	l2udptest_client
+	../../src/utils.c
+	../../src/utils.h
+	../../src/logger.c
+	../../src/logger.h
+	../../src/options.c
+	../../src/options.h
+	../../src/var_array.c
+	../../src/var_array.h
+	../../src/config.h
+	../../src/jsonlogger.c
+	../../src/jsonlogger.h
+	../../src/debug_structs.h
+	../../src/layer2/packet_structs.c
+	../../src/layer2/packet_structs.h
+	../../src/layer2/ham64.c
+	../../src/layer2/ham64.h
+	../../src/layer2/packet_queue.c
+	../../src/layer2/packet_queue.h
+	../../src/layer2/connection.c
+	../../src/layer2/connection.h
+	../../src/layer2/tundev.c
+	../../src/layer2/tundev.h
+	l2udptest_client.c
+)
+
+target_link_libraries(
+	l2udptest_client
+	fec
+	m
+	liquid
+)
+
+#---------------------------
+
+add_executable(
+	l2udptest_digipeater
+	../../src/utils.c
+	../../src/utils.h
+	../../src/logger.c
+	../../src/logger.h
+	../../src/options.c
+	../../src/options.h
+	../../src/var_array.c
+	../../src/var_array.h
+	../../src/config.h
+	../../src/jsonlogger.c
+	../../src/jsonlogger.h
+	../../src/debug_structs.h
+	../../src/layer2/packet_structs.c
+	../../src/layer2/packet_structs.h
+	../../src/layer2/ham64.c
+	../../src/layer2/ham64.h
+	../../src/layer2/packet_queue.c
+	../../src/layer2/packet_queue.h
+	../../src/layer2/connection.c
+	../../src/layer2/connection.h
+	../../src/layer2/connection_list.c
+	../../src/layer2/connection_list.h
+	../../src/layer2/digipeater.c
+	../../src/layer2/digipeater.h
+	../../src/layer2/tundev.c
+	../../src/layer2/tundev.h
+	l2udptest_digipeater.c
+)
+
+target_link_libraries(
+	l2udptest_digipeater
+	fec
+	m
+	liquid
+)

impl/test/layer2_over_udp/l2udptest_client.c

@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2024  Thomas Kolb
+ */
+
+#include <linux/if.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+
+#include <liquid/liquid.h>
+
+#include <sys/poll.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "layer2/ham64.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+
+#define LOGGER_MODULE_NAME "main"
+#include "logger.h"
+#include "jsonlogger.h"
+#include "debug_structs.h"
+
+#include "layer2/connection.h"
+
+#include "layer2/tundev.h"
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#define RESULT_CHECK(stmt) { \
+	result_t res = stmt; \
+	if(res != OK) { \
+		LOG(LVL_FATAL, "Error %d in %s:%d!", res, __FILE__, __LINE__); \
+		exit(1); \
+	} \
+}
+
+#define BROADCAST_PORT 3737
+
+static int  m_tunfd = -1;
+static bool m_running = true;
+
+static int m_bcast_sock = -1;
+
+static uint64_t next_tx_switch_time = 0;
+
+static rx_stats_t m_rx_stats;
+
+static connection_ctx_t l2conn;
+
+static void signal_handler(int signal, siginfo_t *info, void *ctx)
+{
+	(void)signal;
+	(void)info;
+	(void)ctx;
+
+	LOG(LVL_INFO, "\nGracefully shutting down on signal %d.", signal);
+
+	m_running = false;
+}
+
+static void block_tx_for(unsigned offset_ms)
+{
+	next_tx_switch_time = get_hires_time() + HRTIME_MS(offset_ms);
+}
+
+
+void handle_received_packet(uint8_t *packet_data, size_t packet_len)
+{
+}
+
+
+static result_t transmit(const uint8_t *data, size_t len)
+{
+	result_t result = OK;
+
+	struct sockaddr_in bcast_addr = {0};
+
+	bcast_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
+	bcast_addr.sin_port = htons(BROADCAST_PORT);
+	bcast_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_BROADCAST;
+
+	int ret = sendto(m_bcast_sock, data, len, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&bcast_addr, sizeof(bcast_addr));
+	if(ret < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "sendto: %s", strerror(errno));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "t");
+	return result;
+}
+
+
+void rx_data_to_tun(const layer2_data_packet_t *data_packet)
+{
+	uint8_t tun_packet[4 + data_packet->payload_len];
+
+	// flags
+	tun_packet[0] = 0;
+	tun_packet[1] = 0;
+
+	switch(data_packet->payload_type) {
+		case L2_PAYLOAD_TYPE_IPV6:
+			*(uint16_t*)(tun_packet+2) = 0x86dd;
+			break;
+		case L2_PAYLOAD_TYPE_IPV4:
+			*(uint16_t*)(tun_packet+2) = 0x0800;
+			break;
+		default:
+			LOG(LVL_ERR, "Unsupported payload type: 0x%08x.", data_packet->payload_type);
+			return;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(tun_packet+4, data_packet->payload, data_packet->payload_len);
+
+	int ret = write(m_tunfd, tun_packet, sizeof(tun_packet));
+	if(ret < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "write(tun): %s", strerror(errno));
+	}
+}
+
+
+void conn_evt_cb(struct connection_ctx_s *conn, connection_evt_t evt, void *user_ctx)
+{
+	(void)conn;
+	(void)evt;
+	(void)user_ctx;
+}
+
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	// initialize the console logger
+	logger_init();
+
+	if(!jsonlogger_init("jsonlog.fifo")) {
+		LOG(LVL_FATAL, "Could not initialize JSON logger.");
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+
+	bool on_air = true;
+
+	srand(get_hires_time());
+
+	// ** Initialize **
+
+	char devname[IFNAMSIZ] = "hamnet70";
+	m_tunfd = tundev_open(devname);
+
+	if(m_tunfd < 0) {
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	ham64_t my_address, peer_address;
+	ham64_encode(MY_CALL, &my_address);
+	ham64_encode(PEER_CALL, &peer_address);
+	RESULT_CHECK(connection_init(&l2conn, &my_address, &peer_address, conn_evt_cb, NULL));
+
+	// force connection into the established state
+	l2conn.conn_state = CONN_STATE_ESTABLISHED;
+
+	// ** Set up signal handling
+
+	struct sigaction term_action = {0};
+	term_action.sa_sigaction = signal_handler;
+
+	if(sigaction(SIGTERM, &term_action, NULL) < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "sigaction: %s", strerror(errno));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	if(sigaction(SIGINT, &term_action, NULL) < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "sigaction: %s", strerror(errno));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	// ** Set up UDP socket
+
+	m_bcast_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+	if(m_bcast_sock < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "socket: %s", strerror(errno));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	int broadcastEnable=1;
+	int ret = setsockopt(m_bcast_sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &broadcastEnable, sizeof(broadcastEnable));
+	if(ret < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "setsockopt: %s", strerror(errno));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	struct sockaddr_in bind_addr = {0};
+
+	bind_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
+	bind_addr.sin_port = htons(BROADCAST_PORT);
+	bind_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
+
+	ret = bind(m_bcast_sock, (struct sockaddr*)&bind_addr, sizeof(bind_addr));
+	if(ret < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "bind: %s", strerror(errno));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	// ** Process packets **
+
+	struct pollfd pfd_tun;
+	memset(&pfd_tun, 0, sizeof(pfd_tun));
+
+	pfd_tun.fd = m_tunfd;
+	pfd_tun.events = POLLIN;
+
+	struct pollfd pfd_bcast;
+	memset(&pfd_bcast, 0, sizeof(pfd_bcast));
+
+	pfd_bcast.fd = m_bcast_sock;
+	pfd_bcast.events = POLLIN;
+
+	uint64_t old = get_hires_time();
+	size_t total_bytes = 0;
+	uint64_t next_stats_print_time = old + HRTIME_MS(500);
+
+	// TODO: wait for beacon
+	// TODO: send connection request
+
+	while(m_running) {
+		uint64_t now = get_hires_time();
+
+		RESULT_CHECK(connection_maintain(&l2conn));
+
+		// fill the TX queue from the TUN device
+		while(connection_can_enqueue_packet(&l2conn)) {
+			int ret = poll(&pfd_tun, 1, 0 /* timeout */);
+			if(ret < 0) {
+				LOG(LVL_ERR, "poll: %s", strerror(errno));
+				break;
+			} else if(ret == 0) {
+				// no more packets
+				break;
+			} else {
+				// a packet is available -> move it to the queue
+				static const size_t packetbuf_size = 2048;
+				uint8_t packetbuf[packetbuf_size];
+				ret = read(m_tunfd, packetbuf, packetbuf_size);
+				if(ret < 0) {
+					LOG(LVL_ERR, "read: %s", strerror(errno));
+					return ERR_SYSCALL;
+				} else if(ret == 0) {
+					// no more data, should not happen
+					break;
+				}
+
+				LOG(LVL_DUMP, "TUN Flags: 0x%04x", *(uint16_t*)packetbuf);
+				LOG(LVL_DUMP, "TUN Proto: 0x%04x", *((uint16_t*)packetbuf + 1));
+
+				RESULT_CHECK(connection_enqueue_packet(&l2conn, packetbuf, ret));
+			}
+		}
+
+		// transmit one burst
+		if(connection_can_transmit(&l2conn)) {
+			// there is a packet to be (re)transmitted.
+
+			LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Starting new burst.");
+
+			size_t burst_len = 0;
+
+			// add packets to the burst until only 50000 samples remain free in the SDR buffer
+			while(true) {
+				uint8_t packet_buf[2048];
+				size_t packet_size;
+				bool end_burst;
+
+				packet_size = connection_encode_next_packet(&l2conn,
+						packet_buf, sizeof(packet_buf), &end_burst);
+
+				if(packet_size == 0) {
+					// no more packets available
+					LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Ending burst due to empty packet queue.");
+					break;
+				}
+
+				LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Adding packet with %d bytes to burst.", packet_size);
+
+				burst_len++;
+				RESULT_CHECK(transmit(packet_buf, packet_size));
+
+				if(end_burst) {
+					LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Ending burst on request.");
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+
+			connection_tx_clean_empty_packet(&l2conn);
+
+			LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Burst finished: %zd packets sent.", burst_len);
+		}
+
+		// make sure the receiver runs for a minimum amount of time
+		block_tx_for(TX_SWITCH_BACKOFF_AFTER_RX_ON);
+
+		while(get_hires_time() < next_tx_switch_time) {
+			// ** Receive signal **
+
+			int ret = poll(&pfd_bcast, 1, 10);
+			if(ret < 0) {
+				LOG(LVL_ERR, "poll: %s", strerror(errno));
+				return EXIT_FAILURE;
+			}
+
+			if(ret == 0) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			uint8_t packetbuf[65536];
+			ret = recv(m_bcast_sock, packetbuf, sizeof(packetbuf), 0);
+			if(ret < 0) {
+				LOG(LVL_ERR, "recv: %s", strerror(errno));
+				return EXIT_FAILURE;
+			} else if(ret == 0) {
+				LOG(LVL_ERR, "recv() returned zero.");
+				return EXIT_FAILURE;
+			}
+
+			block_tx_for(TX_SWITCH_BACKOFF_END_OF_PACKET_MS);
+
+			layer2_data_packet_t data_packet;
+
+			result_t result = connection_handle_packet(&l2conn, packetbuf, ret, &data_packet);
+			switch(result) {
+				case OK:
+					m_rx_stats.successful_decodes++;
+
+					if(data_packet.payload_len != 0) {
+						rx_data_to_tun(&data_packet);
+					}
+					break;
+
+				case ERR_INTEGRITY:
+					LOG(LVL_ERR, "Packet could not be decoded by Layer 2.");
+					m_rx_stats.failed_decodes++;
+					break;
+
+				case ERR_SEQUENCE:
+					LOG(LVL_ERR, "Packet not in the expected sequence.");
+					break;
+
+				default: // all other errors
+					LOG(LVL_ERR, "layer2_rx_handle_packet() returned error code %u.", result);
+					break;
+			}
+
+			total_bytes += ret;
+
+			uint64_t new = get_hires_time();
+			if(new >= next_stats_print_time) {
+				double rate = total_bytes * 1e9 / (new - old);
+				LOG(LVL_INFO, "\nEstimated rate: %.3f kB/s", rate / 1e3);
+				LOG(LVL_INFO, "Receiver statistics:");
+				LOG(LVL_INFO, "  Preambles found:    %8zd", m_rx_stats.preambles_found);
+				LOG(LVL_INFO, "  Successful decodes: %8zd (%6.2f %%)",
+						m_rx_stats.successful_decodes, m_rx_stats.successful_decodes * 100.0f / m_rx_stats.preambles_found);
+				LOG(LVL_INFO, "  Header errors:      %8zd (%6.2f %%)",
+						m_rx_stats.header_errors, m_rx_stats.header_errors * 100.0f / m_rx_stats.preambles_found);
+				LOG(LVL_INFO, "  Failed decodes:     %8zd (%6.2f %%)",
+						m_rx_stats.failed_decodes, m_rx_stats.failed_decodes * 100.0f / m_rx_stats.preambles_found);
+				next_stats_print_time += HRTIME_MS(500);
+
+				total_bytes = 0;
+				old = new;
+			}
+
+			fprintf(stderr, "r");
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ** Cleanup **
+
+	close(m_bcast_sock);
+
+	connection_destroy(&l2conn);
+
+	jsonlogger_shutdown();
+
+	LOG(LVL_INFO, "Done.");
+
+	logger_shutdown();
+}
+

impl/test/layer2_over_udp/l2udptest_digipeater.c

@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
+/*
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2024  Thomas Kolb
+ */
+
+#include <linux/if.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <arpa/inet.h>
+
+#include <liquid/liquid.h>
+
+#include <sys/poll.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <signal.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "layer2/ham64.h"
+#include "utils.h"
+
+#define LOGGER_MODULE_NAME "main"
+#include "logger.h"
+#include "jsonlogger.h"
+#include "debug_structs.h"
+
+#include "layer2/digipeater.h"
+
+#include "layer2/tundev.h"
+
+#include "config.h"
+
+#define RESULT_CHECK(stmt) { \
+	result_t res = stmt; \
+	if(res != OK) { \
+		LOG(LVL_FATAL, "Error %d in %s:%d!", res, __FILE__, __LINE__); \
+		exit(1); \
+	} \
+}
+
+#define BROADCAST_PORT 3737
+
+static int  m_tunfd = -1;
+static bool m_running = true;
+
+static int m_bcast_sock = -1;
+
+static uint64_t next_tx_switch_time = 0;
+
+static rx_stats_t m_rx_stats;
+
+static void signal_handler(int signal, siginfo_t *info, void *ctx)
+{
+	(void)signal;
+	(void)info;
+	(void)ctx;
+
+	LOG(LVL_INFO, "\nGracefully shutting down on signal %d.", signal);
+
+	m_running = false;
+}
+
+static void block_tx_for(unsigned offset_ms)
+{
+	next_tx_switch_time = get_hires_time() + HRTIME_MS(offset_ms);
+}
+
+
+static result_t transmit(const uint8_t *data, size_t len)
+{
+	result_t result = OK;
+
+	struct sockaddr_in bcast_addr = {0};
+
+	bcast_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
+	bcast_addr.sin_port = htons(BROADCAST_PORT);
+	bcast_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_BROADCAST;
+
+	int ret = sendto(m_bcast_sock, data, len, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&bcast_addr, sizeof(bcast_addr));
+	if(ret < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "sendto: %s", strerror(errno));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "t");
+	return result;
+}
+
+
+void rx_data_to_tun(const layer2_data_packet_t *data_packet)
+{
+	uint8_t tun_packet[4 + data_packet->payload_len];
+
+	// flags
+	tun_packet[0] = 0;
+	tun_packet[1] = 0;
+
+	switch(data_packet->payload_type) {
+		case L2_PAYLOAD_TYPE_IPV6:
+			*(uint16_t*)(tun_packet+2) = 0x86dd;
+			break;
+		case L2_PAYLOAD_TYPE_IPV4:
+			*(uint16_t*)(tun_packet+2) = 0x0800;
+			break;
+		default:
+			LOG(LVL_ERR, "Unsupported payload type: 0x%08x.", data_packet->payload_type);
+			return;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(tun_packet+4, data_packet->payload, data_packet->payload_len);
+
+	int ret = write(m_tunfd, tun_packet, sizeof(tun_packet));
+	if(ret < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "write(tun): %s", strerror(errno));
+	}
+}
+
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	// initialize the console logger
+	logger_init();
+
+	if(!jsonlogger_init("jsonlog.fifo")) {
+		LOG(LVL_FATAL, "Could not initialize JSON logger.");
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+
+	srand(get_hires_time());
+
+	// ** Initialize **
+
+	char devname[IFNAMSIZ] = "hamnet70";
+	m_tunfd = tundev_open(devname);
+
+	if(m_tunfd < 0) {
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	ham64_t my_address, peer_address;
+	ham64_encode(MY_CALL, &my_address);
+	ham64_encode(PEER_CALL, &peer_address);
+
+	digipeater_ctx_t digipeater;
+	RESULT_CHECK(digipeater_init(&digipeater, &my_address));
+
+	// ** Set up signal handling
+
+	struct sigaction term_action = {0};
+	term_action.sa_sigaction = signal_handler;
+
+	if(sigaction(SIGTERM, &term_action, NULL) < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "sigaction: %s", strerror(errno));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	if(sigaction(SIGINT, &term_action, NULL) < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "sigaction: %s", strerror(errno));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	// ** Set up UDP socket
+
+	m_bcast_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+	if(m_bcast_sock < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "socket: %s", strerror(errno));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	int broadcastEnable=1;
+	int ret = setsockopt(m_bcast_sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &broadcastEnable, sizeof(broadcastEnable));
+	if(ret < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "setsockopt: %s", strerror(errno));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	struct sockaddr_in bind_addr = {0};
+
+	bind_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
+	bind_addr.sin_port = htons(BROADCAST_PORT);
+	bind_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
+
+	ret = bind(m_bcast_sock, (struct sockaddr*)&bind_addr, sizeof(bind_addr));
+	if(ret < 0) {
+		LOG(LVL_ERR, "bind: %s", strerror(errno));
+		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	// ** Process packets **
+
+	struct pollfd pfd_tun;
+	memset(&pfd_tun, 0, sizeof(pfd_tun));
+
+	pfd_tun.fd = m_tunfd;
+	pfd_tun.events = POLLIN;
+
+	struct pollfd pfd_bcast;
+	memset(&pfd_bcast, 0, sizeof(pfd_bcast));
+
+	pfd_bcast.fd = m_bcast_sock;
+	pfd_bcast.events = POLLIN;
+
+	uint64_t old = get_hires_time();
+	size_t total_bytes = 0;
+	uint64_t next_stats_print_time = old + HRTIME_MS(500);
+
+	while(m_running) {
+		RESULT_CHECK(digipeater_maintain(&digipeater));
+
+		RESULT_CHECK(digipeater_fill_packet_queues_from_tundev(&digipeater, m_tunfd));
+
+		// transmit anything available
+		if(digipeater_can_transmit(&digipeater)) {
+			// there is a packet to be (re)transmitted.
+
+			LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Starting new burst.");
+
+			size_t burst_len = 0;
+
+			// add packets to the burst until only 50000 samples remain free in the SDR buffer
+			while(true) {
+				uint8_t packet_buf[2048];
+				size_t packet_size;
+
+				bool end_burst;
+
+				packet_size = digipeater_encode_next_packet(&digipeater,
+						packet_buf, sizeof(packet_buf), &end_burst);
+
+				if(packet_size == 0) {
+					// no more packets available
+					LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Ending burst due to empty packet queue.");
+					break;
+				}
+
+				LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Adding packet with %d bytes to burst.", packet_size);
+
+				burst_len++;
+				RESULT_CHECK(transmit(packet_buf, packet_size));
+
+				if(end_burst) {
+					LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Ending burst on request.");
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+
+			// FIXME: where to put this in the digipeater?
+			//connection_tx_clean_empty_packet(&l2conn);
+
+			LOG(LVL_DEBUG, "Burst finished: %zd packets sent.", burst_len);
+		}
+
+		// make sure the receiver runs for a minimum amount of time
+		block_tx_for(TX_SWITCH_BACKOFF_AFTER_RX_ON);
+
+		// receive response
+		while(get_hires_time() < next_tx_switch_time) {
+			// ** Receive packets from the broadcast socket **
+
+			int ret = poll(&pfd_bcast, 1, 10);
+			if(ret < 0) {
+				LOG(LVL_ERR, "poll: %s", strerror(errno));
+				return EXIT_FAILURE;
+			}
+
+			if(ret == 0) {
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			uint8_t packetbuf[65536];
+			ret = recv(m_bcast_sock, packetbuf, sizeof(packetbuf), 0);
+			if(ret < 0) {
+				LOG(LVL_ERR, "recv: %s", strerror(errno));
+				return EXIT_FAILURE;
+			} else if(ret == 0) {
+				LOG(LVL_ERR, "recv() returned zero.");
+				return EXIT_FAILURE;
+			}
+
+			block_tx_for(TX_SWITCH_BACKOFF_END_OF_PACKET_MS);
+
+			layer2_data_packet_t data_packet;
+
+			result_t result = digipeater_handle_packet(&digipeater, packetbuf, ret, &data_packet);
+			switch(result) {
+				case OK:
+					m_rx_stats.successful_decodes++;
+
+					if(data_packet.payload_len != 0) {
+						rx_data_to_tun(&data_packet);
+					}
+					break;
+
+				case ERR_INTEGRITY:
+					LOG(LVL_ERR, "Packet could not be decoded by Layer 2.");
+					m_rx_stats.failed_decodes++;
+					break;
+
+				case ERR_SEQUENCE:
+					LOG(LVL_ERR, "Packet not in the expected sequence.");
+					break;
+
+				default: // all other errors
+					LOG(LVL_ERR, "layer2_rx_handle_packet() returned error code %u.", result);
+					break;
+			}
+
+			total_bytes += ret;
+
+			uint64_t new = get_hires_time();
+			if(new >= next_stats_print_time) {
+				double rate = total_bytes * 1e9 / (new - old);
+				LOG(LVL_INFO, "\nEstimated rate: %.3f kB/s", rate / 1e3);
+				LOG(LVL_INFO, "Receiver statistics:");
+				LOG(LVL_INFO, "  Preambles found:    %8zd", m_rx_stats.preambles_found);
+				LOG(LVL_INFO, "  Successful decodes: %8zd (%6.2f %%)",
+						m_rx_stats.successful_decodes, m_rx_stats.successful_decodes * 100.0f / m_rx_stats.preambles_found);
+				LOG(LVL_INFO, "  Header errors:      %8zd (%6.2f %%)",
+						m_rx_stats.header_errors, m_rx_stats.header_errors * 100.0f / m_rx_stats.preambles_found);
+				LOG(LVL_INFO, "  Failed decodes:     %8zd (%6.2f %%)",
+						m_rx_stats.failed_decodes, m_rx_stats.failed_decodes * 100.0f / m_rx_stats.preambles_found);
+				next_stats_print_time += HRTIME_MS(500);
+
+				total_bytes = 0;
+				old = new;
+			}
+
+			fprintf(stderr, "r");
+		}
+	}
+
+	// ** Cleanup **
+
+	close(m_bcast_sock);
+
+	digipeater_destroy(&digipeater);
+
+	jsonlogger_shutdown();
+
+	LOG(LVL_INFO, "Done.");
+
+	logger_shutdown();
+}
+